They did. And they got it.
I don't want to debate GM's product quality. This too easily turns into a "Ford v. Chevy" discussion. I am also not a huge fan of government intervention in the free market...though
the free market often needs government intervention. Pure capitalism run amok leads to
results like this.
So we're left with two scenarios: 1. Let GM and Chrysler fail 2. Provide assistance in the form of a loan to help them reorganize.
Neither are particularly desirable, and there are risks and rewards for each option.
Let's start with "let the free market decide winners and losers". Sorry GM...sorry Chrysler. You guys over there have made poor decisions and we're not going to provide assistance.
This now leaves GM and Chrysler to face reorganization during a time when consumer confidence is at a low point (not all related to GM and Chrysler products), and more importantly...during a time when Debtor In Posession financing is not available due to locked up credit markets (completely outside the control of GM or Chrysler).
GM & Chrysler fail, as the free market dictates, Ford survives...for now. Note that the reason for failure is in large part due to the inability to secure DIP financing necessary to allow a company to function while making changes in bankruptcy. Ford dodged a bullet for now.
Almost overnight, a huge portion of U.S. manufacturing capacity is wiped out. This capacity in large part allowed us to turn the tide during World War 2 as GM and other automakers were able to quickly shift production from automobiles to weapons.
As a result, our national security is reduced to some degree.
With the closure of GM and Chrysler, hundreds of thousands of workers lose their economic lifeline and become a burden on the federal unemployment insurance system. Many of these laid off workers default on car payments and home mortgages...adding further strain to a banking system on the verge of collapse.
Now we have double the level of bank failures in the country. The FDIC insurance fund which insures all our deposits is wiped out and the government has to step in to add more taxpayer dollars (and dollars borrowed from both U.S. citizens and overseas investors) to the fund in an attempt to stop the widespread panic as depositors around the country begin lining up to withdraw deposits from their local banks.
Now Ford has a problem. They have an assembly line shut down in Dearborn because they are waiting for parts from a subcontractor in Toledo. The free market dictated using "Just in Time" manufacturing techniques to minimize inventory on hand and maximize profits. The problem now is the subcontractor in Toledo also did business with GM and Chrysler. Now that GM and Chrysler can't pay their bills, the subcontractor wasn't able to make payroll last week or purchase raw materials to make product for Ford. The subcontractor has a truckload of axles for Cadillac Sevilles on its dock and asks Ford if they could use them in their F-150's. Ford declines.
These assembly line shutdowns are extremely costly to Ford, and any automaker...so costly that they actually charter small jet aircraft at times to fly to supplier's locations to pick up parts to get the lines moving again. Ford, though no direct fault of its own, suffers as a result of our decision to allow GM and Chrysler to fail. It will take a few months at least to rebuild the supply chain to eliminate the impact of the failures. In the meantime workers at Ford will have to be laid off. The cost to Ford as a result of the GM and Chrysler collapse will be huge.
As a result of a near 20% unemployment rate in the U.S. as a result of our decision to allow GM and Chrysler to fail under free market principles, almost no one is buying new cars from Ford, Toyota, Honda, or any U.S. or global car manufacturer. Ford announces additional reductions to its workforce...proving those who are afraid they might lose their jobs that they were justified in their beliefs.
So the cycle continues.
This is a somewhat simplistic (for sake of time and short internet-age attention spans) description of what could likely have happened had the government not intervened on behalf of GM & Chrysler. Certainly one can find snippets here and there to disagree with, but the overall impact on an already fragile economy during a time of severe credit deflation is the message I'm attempting to communicate.
Now let's examine option #2. The Federal Government steps in with hugely unpopular loan packages (not exactly a "bailout") to give GM & Chrysler time to reorganize. This move may not work in the end, but at a minimum it should delay the failure of GM and/or Chrysler to a point in the future where their collapse may not be simultaneous, and may well be during a time when the overall economy can better absorb the shock of a huge employer (and tax revenue generator) such as GM shutting down.
To avoid inciting panic in the general population, it seems better to have GM fail (if necessary) during a time when the rest of the economy is doing well, not in December 2008.
There certainly is some risk to this path, and you're certainly going to give a lot of ammunition to AM radio and irresponsible cable "news" outlet demagogues, but ultimately a leader who has a bigger picture than the average person on the street must often make decisions that are not popular on the street.
There is also a potentially huge upside to this option...as well as some history. In 1979,
Chrysler faced failure and was given help in the form of a loan by the federal government. The result...the loan was paid off in four years and the U.S. taxpayer earned a $350 million profit...a 25% rate of return during that four year period.
Further, tens of thousands of jobs were preserved, as well as a large portion of U.S. manufacturing capability.
Billions of dollars in tax revenues were generated by a recovered Chrysler over the next thirty years.
The unemployment insurance system was spared increased strain during a time of significant economic weakness.
So in closing (if you've read this far I commend you), option 1 or option 2? Both carry significant risk. One seems to carry more upside than the other however.
In a perfect world, the free market system would never fail, and governments would never need to intervene to ensure the survival of businesses and to force them to conduct business in an ethical manner.
Unfortunately ours is not a perfect world, and sometimes life comes down to a choice between the lesser of two evils...no matter how much we don't like our options.
Something to consider...